BASES AND ALKALIES IN OUR DAILY LIFE
BASES
- Never taste or touch any unknown chemicals. Substances such as baking soda does not taste sour. It is BITTER IN TASTE. It shows it has no acid in it.
- If you rub its solution with your fingers, it is soapy. Substances like these which are bitter in taste and are soapy on touching are known as bases.
- The nature of such substances is said to be basic. Bases are oxides or hydroxides of metal. They are chemically opposite to acids.
- Some bases like caustic soda [ NaOH] and caustic potash [KOH] are very corrosive. Bases give hydroxyl ions when treated with water
- Bases which are soluble in water are called ALKALIS. The hydroxides of sodium and potassium are example of alkalies. They are water-soluble bases.
- ALL ALKALIES ARE BASES, BUT NOT ALL BASES ARE ALKALIES:
- The word alkali is derived from the Arabic word 'alquili' which means plant ashes.
- Ashes of plants are composed of mainly sodium and potassium carbonates.
- Some common bases used in our daily life.
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NAME
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OTHER NAME
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QUICK LIME
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CALICIUM OXIDE
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POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE
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CAUSTIC SODA
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CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
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SLAKED LIME
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SODIUM HYDROXIDE
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CAUSTIC SODA
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MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE
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MILK OF MAGNESIA
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NAME OF BASE
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FOUND IN
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CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
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LIME WATER
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AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE
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WINDOW CLEANER
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SODIUM HYDROXIDE/POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE
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SOAP
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MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE
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ANTACID
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